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Knee Arthroscopy
Dr. Ambrose Yung
What is Knee Arthroscopy?
Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the knee joint. During this procedure, a small camera (arthroscope) is inserted into the knee through tiny incisions, allowing the surgeon to visualize the inside of the joint and make repairs if necessary. Arthroscopy is commonly used to address knee problems such as torn meniscus, damaged cartilage, and loose fragments in the joint.
Indications for Knee Arthroscopy
Knee arthroscopy is typically recommended when non-surgical treatments fail to relieve knee pain or restore function. For certain cases, it may be recommended for the following conditions:
Torn Meniscus
The meniscus is a piece of cartilage that cushions the knee joint. A tear can cause pain, swelling, and limited movement, often requiring surgical repair or removal of the damaged tissue.
Damaged Cartilage
Cartilage that has been worn down or injured can cause persistent pain and swelling. Arthroscopy can smooth or repair the cartilage to restore proper joint function.
Knee Instability
Patients experiencing knee instability due to ligament injuries or joint damage may benefit from arthroscopic procedures that stabilize and strengthen the joint.
Benefits of Knee Arthroscopy
Less Scarring and Post-operative Pain
Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that uses small incisions, resulting in less scarring and reduced postoperative pain compared to traditional open knee surgery.
Faster Recovery Time
The minimally invasive approach of arthroscopy often allows patients to resume light activities within a few weeks, with full recovery achievable in a few months, depending on the complexity of the procedure.
Preparing for Knee Arthroscopy
Proper preparation ensures a smooth surgery and recovery process. Here are the key steps before undergoing a knee arthroscopy:
- Medical Evaluation and Imaging: A thorough evaluation, including an MRI or X-ray, is conducted before surgery to confirm the diagnosis and plan the procedure.
- Fasting and Medication Adjustments: You will be required to fast for 8 to 12 hours before the surgery. Any blood-thinning medications should be adjusted as per the doctor’s instructions to reduce the risk of bleeding.
- Home Preparation: Arrange your living space for easier movement after surgery, including securing crutches, ice packs, and ensuring commonly used items are within reach.
Step-by-Step Procedure
Arrival and Pre-Procedure Preparation
Upon arrival at the clinic or hospital, you will change into a gown, and your medical history will be reviewed. An IV will be placed to administer fluids and anesthesia.
Administration of Anesthesia
Local or general anesthesia is given to ensure you remain comfortable throughout the procedure.
Incisions and Arthroscope Insertion
Small incisions are made around the knee to insert the arthroscope and other surgical instruments.
Diagnosis and Treatment
The surgeon inspects the joint through the camera and addresses any issues, such as repairing torn cartilage or removing loose bodies.
Completion and Closure
The instruments are removed, and the small incisions are closed with stitches or adhesive strips.
Post-Arthroscopy Care
- Immediate Care: After surgery, you will spend time in recovery while the effects of the anesthesia wear off. Pain medications are provided, and most patients are discharged within a few hours.
- Recovery Process: In the first few days, keep the knee elevated and apply ice to reduce swelling. You may need crutches for support, and physical therapy will begin soon after to restore strength and mobility.
- Follow-Up: A follow-up appointment will be scheduled within a week or two to assess healing, remove stitches, and discuss further rehabilitation steps.
Risks and Complications
Although knee arthroscopy is generally safe, there are some risks involved:
- Infection: A small risk of infection exists at the incision sites, but proper wound care and hygiene can minimize this.
- Blood Clots: Reduced mobility after surgery can increase the risk of blood clots in the legs. Early movement and wearing compression stockings can help prevent this.
- Stiffness or Swelling: Some patients may experience stiffness or persistent swelling after surgery. Physical therapy is important to prevent these issues and restore full movement.
Our Clinic Locations
Spire Hip & Knee Centre
6 Napier Road #08-04
Singapore 258499
Monday – Friday: 9.00am – 6.00 pm
Saturday: 9.00am – 1.00pm
Sunday & PH: CLOSED
Spire Orthopaedic Physiotherapy & Rehab Centre
101 Irrawaddy Road, #18-03
Singapore 329565
Monday – Friday: 9.00am – 6.00 pm
Saturday: 9.00am – 1.00pm
Sunday & PH: CLOSED
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
How long does recovery from knee arthroscopy take?
Recovery typically takes 6 to 8 weeks for most patients. You may return to light activities within a few weeks, but full recovery may take longer depending on the extent of the procedure.
What activities should I avoid after knee arthroscopy?
Avoid high-impact activities, such as running and jumping, until your doctor gives clearance. Physical therapy will help guide a gradual return to full activity.
Will knee arthroscopy prevent future knee problems?
While the surgery can relieve symptoms and improve knee function, it does not guarantee the prevention of future issues. Maintaining knee strength and avoiding excessive stress on the joint will be important for long-term knee health.